node exists but page not found

By node access module, I mean a module that provides not access, not a module named node access. Drupal has a node grants API system that controls node access (it's actually a second layer of access control, but we can ignore that). Core provides the {node_access} table, and any function that is making queries to get NIDs is supposed to run the query through the function db_rewrite_sql(). This function re-writes the SQL to check if the user is allowed to see the node by comparing it with the {node_access} table.

When you install a module that implements hook_node_access_records(), when a node is saved, Drupal adds rows to the {node_access} table for that node, based on the return value from hook_node_access_records(). This is the value that db_rewrite_sql() cross references.

So any module that implements hook_node_access_records() is a node access module. In your case, that is the taxonomy access module - and maybe others. But it's not good to use more than one node access module as they can conflict, so you need to be careful with that.

The problem, according to the error message you posted, is that one of your nodes doesn't have a value in the node access records table. So you need to edit and re-save it, which will then add the rows to the {node_access} table. But you are not able to do that because of the problem at hand. This is why you need to disable the module and try to make some changes in that state.

DO