Detailed comment documentation
When enabled, the Drupal comment module creates a discussion board for each Drupal node. Users can post comments to discuss a forum topic, weblog post, story, collaborative book page, etc. An administrator can give comment permissions to user groups, and users can (optionally) edit their last comment, assuming no others have been posted since.
User control of comment display
Attached to each comment board is a control panel for customizing the way that comments are displayed. Users can control the chronological ordering of posts (newest or oldest first) and the number of posts to display on each page. Additional settings include:
- Threaded — Displays the posts grouped according to conversations and subconversations.
- Flat — Displays the posts in chronological order, with no threading whatsoever.
- Expanded — Displays the title and text for each post.
- Collapsed — Displays only the title for each post.
When a user chooses save settings, the comments are then redisplayed using the user's new choices. Administrators can set the default settings for the comment control panel, along with other comment defaults, in administer » comments » configure. NOTE: When comment moderation is enabled, users will have another control panel option to control thresholds (see below).
Additional comment configurations
Comments behave like other user submissions in Drupal. Filters, smileys and HTML that work in nodes will also work with comments. Administrators can control access to various comment module functions through administer » access control » permissions. In a new Drupal installation, all comment permissions are disabled by default. The choice of which permissions to grant to which roles (groups of users) is left up to the site administrator. The following permissions are available in Drupal 5:
- Access comments — Allows users to view comments.
- Administer comments — Allows users complete control over configuring, editing and deleting all comments.
- Post comments — Allows users to post comments into an administrator moderation queue.
- Post comments without approval — Allows users to directly post comments, without the administrator having to publish the comments.
Notification of new comments
Drupal provides specific features to inform site members when new comments have been posted.
Drupal displays the total number of comments attached to each node, and tracks comments read by individual site members. Members which have logged in will see a notice accompanying nodes which contain comments they have not read. Some administrators may want to download, install and configure the notify module. Users can then request that Drupal send them an e-mail when new comments are posted (the notify module requires that cron.php be configured properly).
The tracker module, disabled by default, displays all the site's recent posts. There is a link to the recent posts page in the navigation block. This page is a useful way to browse new or updated nodes and comments. Content which the user has not yet read is tagged with a red star (this graphic depends on the current theme). Visit the comment board for any node, and Drupal will display a red "new" label beside the text of unread comments.

How to enable comments on already existing nodes
The instructions omit to mention that to allow comments on nodes that existed before you installed the comment module, you need to edit those nodes and in "Comment settings" click either the "Read only" or "Read/Write" radio button.
Also, one can edit the default settings for different content types at admin/content/types.
lafo
laffers.net
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I ran into trouble disabling
I ran into trouble disabling the comment module on my fresh Drupal 5.3 intallation. After installing Drupal, I disabled a lot of things at first, for safety (modules, menus, blocks), then I started to create basical things - users, roles, accounts, groups, new content types etc. When I started to create new content, and I tested it on various roles, I just noticed I can't post comments on my custom content type. I enabled everything - the comment module, read/write status on the content type settings, role acces on the acces control module, but no result desired. I enabled finally the forum module, I created some forums, and it works - it was disabled only on my custom content type.
After some research on the forum and find no working solution to my problem, I created a brand new content type for test, and this time was perfect. At the same time, same conditions, posting comments still remains disabled on the old content type, finally I deleted it.
I think it would be a good practice to create new content type first, then control it by role management - but preferably don't disable the comment module at start.
Programatically enabling comments
If you are creating nodes programatically using stdClass to create object setting the fields for instance
$node_created = new Stdclass();
$node_created->type = 'page'
...
...
then to enable comments on newly created "PAGE" you are required to set
$node_created->comment = 2 ; //2 ----> read/write , 1-------> read , 0-------->disable
by default it will always be disable, even if you set it in setttings -> content.
Comment config no longer available?
These options do not seem to be available in Drupal 6. You're stuck with reverse chronological.
Comment Preferences in Drupal 6.x
To edit your comment preferences in Drupal 6.x perform the following.
Administer -> Content Types -> Blog (or whatever content type you want to edit your comment preferences for)
Scroll down and select -> Comment Settings
Here you have options such as Read Only or Read/Write, Display Mode (flat or threaded etc.), Default Order, Number of comments per page and a few more.