As described you can block via the use of .htaccess. Here is a sample list to stop trackback spam (or splogs) from occuring in the first place.

Here is a list already made available to use, which blocks several spams.

# Single word blocks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} poker [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} medicine [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} pills [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} diet [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} viagra [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} mortgage [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} casino [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} insurance [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} loan [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} buy [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} xanax [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} meridia [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} incest [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} lesbian [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} viagra [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} adult [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} hentai [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} tramadol [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} phentermine [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} gambling [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} texas- [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} holdem [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} pharmacy [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} ultram [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} tramadol [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F,L]

Remember to use [ and ] to close the arguments above.

read more on:
http://www.i-marco.nl/weblog/archive/2005/08/29/saving_some_valuable_ban...

Or another way is to block domains also in the .htaccess file:

SetEnvIfNoCase Referer ".*.baddomain.com" BadReferrer
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer ".*anotherbaddomain.com" BadReferrer

order deny,allow
deny from env=BadReferrer

read more on:
http://www.hojohnlee.com/hacks/2006/01/12/blocking-spam-domain-referrals...