Restrict Ability to Publish Nodes/Node Approval

I'm considering setting up a Drupal site for a Boy Scouts of America Order of the Arrow lodge, but there is one issue I foresee that I was wondering if there was a solution to. The way our current site works, users can go in and edit content, but the changes are then "unapproved" until they are approved by a staff member. Note that there is currently no automated approval method: it is simply the staff member telling the webmaster that the content is able to go live and is transferred/published to the live site.

I've set up/configured several Drupal sites before, so I know the numerous advantages to using it over other systems (and anything is an improvement over the current system). What I'm looking to see here is a way for users with a certain permission similar if not identical to "edit any page content" but that does not allow them to set the status to "Published". Similarly, I would need a way to have a role that can go in and publish those changes. The key is that it won't necessarily be new pages being made, but edits to the current ones that would revert the status to unpublished. But meanwhile, the current published (approved) version of the page would remain active (as obviously it would not be very productive to "eliminate" pages from the site while waiting for edits to be approved).

I know this is an extremely tall order, but is it a feasible one for Drupal? If so, being pointed in the right direction (in terms of modules, tutorials, etc.) would be greatly appreciated!

Thanks!