Views Argument from URL to set Exposed Filter

It's possible, but at the moment, not without coding a bit (someone correct me if I'm wrong). You'll have to create a module, but it shouldn't be long.

Take a look here: http://drupal.org/node/360780

If you have any questions, maybe I can explain it in more detail, but first give the above link a try.

HTH,
Fossie

You can use Views Hacks module for "Additional comment: Amazon, Craigslist, ... almost all sites use this feature when you click on different categories, exposed filter automatically sets to that category."

Related to set automatically the value of the filter, if you don't use ajax in your view, you can put the ?filter_name=value in the url and the view will be automatically filtered. Or use the hook_form_alter as #360780: Views 2 Exposed Filter Default Value Changes with (Url) Argument explains.

I can't see anything in Views Hacks that covers this.

And in 7.x-3.x, we still have two systems for the user to filter a view's results -- contextual filters and exposed filters -- and as far as I can tell, they don't talk to each other. Though I suspect the amount of rejigging this would need punts this off to a future Views 4.x...

Here is another issue on which there is actually some work #357082: Pull filter value from an argument?