Testing at http://d-theme.com/chrono shows some validation errors including the following unusual character encoding mismatch.
The character encoding specified in the HTTP header (utf-8) is different from the value in the <meta> element (windows-1250). I will use the value from the HTTP header (utf-8) for this validation.

The next one does not mention dir but you can add dir="ltr" along side lang.

Many Document Types based on XML need a mandatory xmlns="" on the root element. For example, the root element for XHTML will look like:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
CommentFileSizeAuthor
#1 chrono-xhtml-validation.patch3.35 KBBaronVonInternet
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BaronVonInternet’s picture

BaronVonInternet CreditAttribution: BaronVonInternet commented
Status: Active » Needs review
FileSize
chrono-xhtml-validation.patch3.35 KB

There are just a few simple issues that prevent this theme from being valid xhtml.

One already had a patch written at http://drupal.org/node/630668

My attached patch (my first patch, works for me, but beware in case I've done something wrong) includes that fix and also fixes the following errors:

1) In page.tpl.php
<html>
should be:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

2) In page.tpl.php

<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1250">
<meta name="generator" content="PSPad editor, www.pspad.com">

should be:

<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1250" />
<meta name="generator" content="PSPad editor, www.pspad.com" />

3) In page.tpl.php, line 16:

<a href="<?php print $base_path ?>"><div id="homelink"><?php if ($site_name) { ?><h1><?php print $site_name ?><?php } ?></h1></div></a>

should be:

<div id="homelink"><h1><a href="<?php print $base_path ?>"><?php if ($site_name) { ?><?php print $site_name ?><?php } ?></a></h1></div>

which also requires the following changes in styles.css, line 146:
div#homelink h1 {
div#homelink h1 a {

It changes the linked area to the site name rather than the whole colored area, but it seems to be a bug fix since the original version causes the linked area (showing hand icon) to extend off the right edge of the page.

4) In page.tpl.php

<div id="footer">
        Published under GPLv2 Design by <a href="http://rufzeichen-online.de" target="_blank"><img src="<?php print $base_path.$directory ?>/images/rufzeichen.gif " alt="drupal webdesign agentur" /> </a>use in the spirit of open source <?php print $footer_message ?><a href="http://drupal.org" target="_blank"> <img style="padding-left: 7px;" src=" <?php print $base_path.$directory ?>/images/powered-blue-80x15.png" alt="powered by Drupal" height="13" width="78" ></a></div>

should be:

<div id="footer">
        Published under GPLv2 Design by <a href="http://rufzeichen-online.de"><img src="<?php print $base_path.$directory ?>/images/rufzeichen.gif " alt="drupal webdesign agentur" /> </a>use in the spirit of open source <?php print $footer_message ?><a href="http://drupal.org"> <img style="padding-left: 7px;" src=" <?php print $base_path.$directory ?>/images/powered-blue-80x15.png" alt="powered by Drupal" height="13" width="78" /></a></div>
eigentor’s picture

eigentor CreditAttribution: eigentor commented
Status: Needs review » Closed (fixed)

This is fixed in Head now.
Took me quite a while :D.
Going to push a new release soon with corrections.

For the link in the header h1: I put the link just around the text inside the h1, so it does not extend to far and should be valid. My DTD was crap, I changed it to a correct one. This should also correct the collision in Encoding, only UTF 8 is used now. Threw the target="_blank" out in the footer, so this should be alid also.

Ran a validation check and it revealed no errors.